| Voluntarism | Wilhelm Wundt | Beginning of Wundt’s laboratory in 1879 |
| Structuralism | Edward Titchener | Titchener earns his Ph.D. with Wundt in 1892 |
| Functionalism | John Dewey | Dewey’s publication of “The Reflex Arc Concept in Psychology” in 1896 |
| Behaviorism | John Watson | Watson’s publication of “Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It” in 1913 |
| Gestalt Psychology | Max Wertheimer | Wertheimer’s publication of “Experimental Studies on the Seeing of Motion” in 1912 |
| Psychoanalysis | Sigmund Freud | Freud’s publication of The Interpretation of Dreams in 1900 |
“The person who was perhaps most influenced by Wundt was Edward Bradford Titchener, a British psychologist who went to Leipzig in 1890 and graduated in 1892. From Leipzig, Titchener went briefly to Oxford, where he had gotten his undergraduate degree, and then came to America to take a position at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. Although he planned to stay only a short time, he wound up staying at Cornell for the rest of his life. There, he developed a version of Wundt’s system that came to be known as structuralism, the search for the elements or structure of consciousness. Although Titchener had his disciples and thus developed a school of structuralism, it’s fair to say that structuralism died with him in 1927.